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Another example of “elephant’s foot” buckling in a water tank that occurred during an earthquake.
In this tank the thickness of the wall decreases in steps from the bottom to the top of the tank. Therefore, the buckling does not necessarily occur at the bottom of the tank where the loads are the greatest.
The buckling occurs at a location where the thickness of the wall is stepped down from one course to the next course above.
Again, the loading is axial compression from an overturning moment generated by horizontal ground motion combined with circumferential tension from the pressure of fluid inside the tank.
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