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(C and D) 2D precursors, mode ratios, optical micrographs, and FEA predictions for 18 3D mesostructures that exhibit bending-dominated modes (C) and bending-twisting mixed modes (D). Scale bars, 200 mm
From:
Sheng Xu,1 Zheng Yan,1 Kyung-In Jang,1 Wen Huang,2 Haoran Fu,3,4
Jeonghyun Kim,1,5 Zijun Wei,1 Matthew Flavin,1 Joselle McCracken,6 Renhan Wang,1 Adina Badea,6 Yuhao Liu,1 Dongqing Xiao,6 Guoyan Zhou,3,7 Jungwoo Lee,1,5
Ha Uk Chung,1 Huanyu Cheng,1,3 Wen Ren,6 Anthony Banks,1 Xiuling Li,2 Ungyu Paik,5 Ralph G. Nuzzo,1,6 Yonggang Huang,3 Yihui Zhang,3,8 John A. Rogers1,2,6,9
1 Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University
of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
2Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
3Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Engineering and Health, and Skin Disease Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
4Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China.
5Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea.
6Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
7Key Laboratory of Pressure Systems and Safety (MOE), School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P.R. China.
8Center for Mechanics and Materials, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China.
9Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
“Assembly of micro/nanomaterials into complex, three-dimensional architectures by compressive buckling”, Science, Vol. 347, No. 6218, 9 January 2015
ABSTRACT: Complex three-dimensional (3D) structures in biology (e.g., cytoskeletal webs, neural circuits, and vasculature networks) form naturally to provide essential functions in even the most basic forms of life. Compelling opportunities exist for analogous 3D architectures in human-made devices, but design options are constrained by existing capabilities in materials growth and assembly. We report routes to previously inaccessible classes of 3D constructs in advanced materials, including device-grade silicon. The schemes involve geometric transformation of 2D micro/nanostructures into extended 3D layouts by compressive buckling. Demonstrations include experimental and theoretical studies of more than 40 representative geometries, from single and multiple helices, toroids, and conical spirals to structures that resemble spherical baskets, cuboid cages, starbursts, flowers, scaffolds, fences, and frameworks, each with single- and/or multiple-level configurations.
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