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Laying an undersea pipeline from a ship or barge

From the same website as the previous image

Significant bending occurs near the barge and near the seabed.

Fig. 2: S-lay installation and pipe deformation for (a) Bend radius = 30 m, (b) Bend radius = 10.71 m, and (c) Bend radius = 10.3 m.

Note that incipient local “kinking” (short-axial-wavelength post-bifurcation buckling)
is especially visible in (c).

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