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Buckling of a thin aluminum cylindrical shell under external pressure pulse

From ARA:

A cross section of a dynamically pulse buckled thin cylindrical shell and the calculated response are shown here. In the calculation, we used the measured imperfections in the cylinder shape to initiate the buckling. The buckling response can clearly be seen on the loaded (front) side of the cylinder and is accurately reproduced in the calculation.

References:
S.W. Kirkpatrick and B.S. Holmes, "The Effect of Initial Imperfections on Dynamic Buckling of Shells," ASCE Journal of Engineering Mechanics, Vol. 115, No. 5, pp. 1075-1093, May, 1989.

Florence, A.L., Gefken, P.R., and Kirkpatrick, S.W., "Dynamic Plastic Buckling of Copper Cylindrical Shells," International Journal of Solids and Structures, Vol. 27, No. 1, pp. 89-103, 1991.

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