From the same paper as the previous 5 images.
The Lee reference is:
Lee, S.L., Manuel, F.S. and Rossow, E.C. (1968), “Large deflection and stability of elastic frames”, ASCE J. Eng. Mech. Div., 94, 521-533.
The Smolenski reference is:
Smolenski, W.M. (1999), “Statically and kinematically exact nonlinear theory of rods and its numerical verification”, Comput. Meth. Appl. Mech. Eng., 178, 89-113.
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