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This is Fig. 5 from the 1987 PANDA paper. This slide shows local buckling of stiffener segments from a PANDA-type (closed form) model.
Each stiffener segment is assumed to be simply supported at its interior longitudinal edges.
A more accurate model of local buckling involves discretization of a single module of the panel skin and stiffener cross section. Such a model is included in the PANDA2 "stable" of models and several examples are displayed several slides hence.
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