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This is Fig. 6 from the 1987 PANDA paper. This slide shows three types of “rolling buckling” of a stiffener in the PANDA-type (closed form) analysis.
(a) rolling of a stringer with participation of the panel skin,
(b) rolling of a stringer without participation of the panel skin,
(c) rolling of a ring without participation of the panel skin.
These types of buckling are also covered by the single-module discretized models mentioned in the previous slide and displayed several slides hence.
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