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This image is from the same paper as the previous 3 images.
The small reduction in slope (reduction in the panel axial stiffness) at about 0.5 mm end shortening is caused by the panel skin entering its localy post-buckled state. See the next image for a contour plot of the local skin post-buckling mode. The effective axial stiffness of the locally post-buckled panel skin is about 40 per cent of its initial value. The change in slope of the load-end-shortening curve of the axially stiffened panel is much less than 40 per cent because some of the load in the skin has been transferred to the stiffeners in the locally post-buckled phase of the loading.
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