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There is distorion of the beam cross section in the lateral-torsional buckling mode
From:
R.S. Glauz (RSG Software, Inc., 2803 NW Chipman Rd, Lee's Summit, MO 64081, USA),
“Elastic lateral-torsional buckling of general cold-formed steel beams under uniform moment”, Thin-Walled Structures, Vol. 119, pp 586-592, October 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2017.07.010
ABSTRACT: The design of unbraced cold-formed steel beams must consider lateral-torsional buckling due to the low torsional stiffness associated with open cross-sections. The American Iron and Steel Institute incorporated design equations for the critical elastic lateral-torsional buckling stress in the North American Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members. These equations are based on elastic theory for singly-symmetric and doubly-symmetric sections. However, the equation for point-symmetric sections is only a rough approximation. Furthermore, there are no provisions for lateral-torsional buckling of non-symmetric sections, or sections oriented to non-principal axes. This paper investigates and develops a general formulation of the lateral-torsional buckling equation to broadly cover all cold-formed steel cross-sections.
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