|
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
Normalized load versus imperfection amplitude for eigenmode-shaped imperfection |
|
Perfect finite element model and the finite element model with measured imperfections |
|
Load-end-shortening curve for axially compressed isogrid-stiffened cylindrical shell with measured imperfection |
|
Buckled imperfect axially compressed isogrid-stiffened cylindrical shell |
|
Application of perturbation load to create a single dimple imperfection in the axially compressed cylindrical shell |
|
|
|
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
Silo on discrete supports: Axial and circumferential stiffening near the bottom to distribute the concentrated axial compression in the shell wall |
|
Buckling (under torque?): Ring-stiffened shell (top); Stringer-stiffened shell (bottom) |
|
Optimum design of composite lattice cylindrical shell under axial compression |
|
Buckling of reticuated cylindrical shell with reticulated sub-structures |
|
Buckling of waffle-stiffened shells under (left) axial compression and (right) external pressure |
|
|
|
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
Optimization of axially compressed laminated composite isogrid-stiffened cylindrical shell |
|
A single cell of the composite isogrid-stiffened cylindrical shell |
|
Axially compressed isogrid-stiffened imperfect cylindrical shell |
|
Various patterns of grid stiffening in axially compressed stiffened cylindrical shells |
|
"Panel" buckling in which various subsets of the stiffeners buckle along with the panel skin |
|
|