|
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
| Inner surface wrinkling of mucosa induced by volumetric growth |
|
| Flow-induced buckling of a shell of revolution with thin spots |
|
| Inner layer becomes longitudinally wavy under radial shrinkage |
|
| Another example of inner layer wrinkling, this time from nerve regeneration |
|
| Postbuckling of hollow fiber |
|
|
|
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
| Buckles form along the inner edge of a growing annular colony of bacteria |
|
| Surface wrinkling of core-supported cylinders under mechanical or thermal loading |
|
| Surface wrinkling and folding of core-shell soft cylinders |
|
| Wrinkling and folding of a thin film bonded to a soft spherical core during uniform shrinking of the film-core system |
|
| Three regions of surface deformation: I=no buckling; II=initial post-buckling (wrinkling); III=transition from film wrikling to film folding |
|
|
|
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
| Wrinkles on the face of Saturn's icy moon, Enceladus |
|
| Fingerprint whorl (from Wikipedia) |
|
| Formation of ridges on pads of fingers |
|
| Cortical folding of the human brain cortex during development |
|
| 2-D model of cortex folding during development of the brain. Dark outer layer = cortex; Lighter inner volume = core |
|
|
