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| Inner surface wrinkling of mucosa induced by volumetric growth |
Flow-induced buckling of a shell of revolution with thin spots |
Inner layer becomes longitudinally wavy under radial shrinkage |
Another example of inner layer wrinkling, this time from nerve regeneration |
Postbuckling of hollow fiber |
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| Buckles form along the inner edge of a growing annular colony of bacteria |
Surface wrinkling of core-supported cylinders under mechanical or thermal loading |
Surface wrinkling and folding of core-shell soft cylinders |
Wrinkling and folding of a thin film bonded to a soft spherical core during uniform shrinking of the film-core system |
Three regions of surface deformation: I=no buckling; II=initial post-buckling (wrinkling); III=transition from film wrikling to film folding |
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| Wrinkles on the face of Saturn's icy moon, Enceladus |
Fingerprint whorl (from Wikipedia) |
Formation of ridges on pads of fingers |
Cortical folding of the human brain cortex during development |
2-D model of cortex folding during development of the brain. Dark outer layer = cortex; Lighter inner volume = core |
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