<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0"> <tr><td height="14"></td></tr> <tr align="center" valign="middle"> <td width="208"><a href="pages/page_121.html"><img src="thumbnails/s121.jpg" width="180" height="119" border="0" hspace="14" vspace="0" alt="Tank with "elephant's foot" and "elephant knee" buckles from Haiti 7.0 earthquake in 2010."></a></td> <td width="208"><a href="pages/page_122.html"><img src="thumbnails/s122.jpg" width="180" height="114" border="0" hspace="14" vspace="0" alt="Buckling near the top of a large tank caused by rapid cooling of the contents combined with a blocked vent"></a></td> <td width="208"><a href="pages/page_123.html"><img src="thumbnails/s123.jpg" width="134" height="180" border="0" hspace="14" vspace="0" alt="Buckling near the middle of a large tank caused by rapid cooling of the contents combined with a blocked vent"></a></td> <td width="208"><a href="pages/page_124.html"><img src="thumbnails/s124.jpg" width="100" height="180" border="0" hspace="14" vspace="0" alt="Buckling of cylindrical tank from vacuum resulting from a blocked vent"></a></td> <td width="208"><a href="pages/page_125.html"><img src="thumbnails/s125.jpg" width="160" height="180" border="0" hspace="14" vspace="0" alt="Destroyed steel tank after a fire (Puerto Rico, 2009)"></a></td> </tr> <tr><td height="5"></td></tr> <tr align="center" valign="top"> <td width="208"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="0"><tr><td align="center"><small class="title">Tank with "elephant's foot" and "elephant knee" buckles from Haiti 7.0 earthquake in 2010.</small></td></tr></table></td> <td width="208"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="0"><tr><td align="center"><small class="title">Buckling near the top of a large tank caused by rapid cooling of the contents combined with a blocked vent</small></td></tr></table></td> <td width="208"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="0"><tr><td align="center"><small class="title">Buckling near the middle of a large tank caused by rapid cooling of the contents combined with a blocked vent</small></td></tr></table></td> <td width="208"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="0"><tr><td align="center"><small class="title">Buckling of cylindrical tank from vacuum resulting from a blocked vent</small></td></tr></table></td> <td width="208"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="0"><tr><td align="center"><small class="title">Destroyed steel tank after a fire (Puerto Rico, 2009)</small></td></tr></table></td> </tr> <tr><td height="14"></td></tr> <tr><td height="14"></td></tr> <tr align="center" valign="middle"> <td width="208"><a href="pages/page_126.html"><img src="thumbnails/s126.jpg" width="180" height="166" border="0" hspace="14" vspace="0" alt="Type of circumferential temperature distribution from fire on a tank"></a></td> <td width="208"><a href="pages/page_127.html"><img src="thumbnails/s127.jpg" width="111" height="180" border="0" hspace="14" vspace="0" alt="Buckling of open steel tanks from an elaborate finite element model"></a></td> <td width="208"><a href="pages/page_128.html"><img src="thumbnails/s128.jpg" width="154" height="180" border="0" hspace="14" vspace="0" alt="Buckling of open tanks from various fire-caused circumferential temperature distributions"></a></td> <td width="208"><a href="pages/page_129.html"><img src="thumbnails/s129.jpg" width="180" height="144" border="0" hspace="14" vspace="0" alt="Eight types of imperfections in large storage tanks assembled in the field"></a></td> <td width="208"><a href="pages/page_130.html"><img src="thumbnails/s130.jpg" width="180" height="169" border="0" hspace="14" vspace="0" alt="Buckled silo with grain pouring out"></a></td> </tr> <tr><td height="5"></td></tr> <tr align="center" valign="top"> <td width="208"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="0"><tr><td align="center"><small class="title">Type of circumferential temperature distribution from fire on a tank</small></td></tr></table></td> <td width="208"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="0"><tr><td align="center"><small class="title">Buckling of open steel tanks from an elaborate finite element model</small></td></tr></table></td> <td width="208"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="0"><tr><td align="center"><small class="title">Buckling of open tanks from various fire-caused circumferential temperature distributions</small></td></tr></table></td> <td width="208"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="0"><tr><td align="center"><small class="title">Eight types of imperfections in large storage tanks assembled in the field</small></td></tr></table></td> <td width="208"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="0"><tr><td align="center"><small class="title">Buckled silo with grain pouring out</small></td></tr></table></td> </tr> <tr><td height="14"></td></tr> <tr><td height="14"></td></tr> <tr align="center" valign="middle"> <td width="208"><a href="pages/page_131.html"><img src="thumbnails/s131.jpg" width="180" height="131" border="0" hspace="14" vspace="0" alt="Buckling of slender silos under wind"></a></td> <td width="208"><a href="pages/page_132.html"><img src="thumbnails/s132.jpg" width="180" height="127" border="0" hspace="14" vspace="0" alt="Buckled wind turbine support tower"></a></td> <td width="208"><a href="pages/page_133.html"><img src="thumbnails/s133.jpg" width="180" height="163" border="0" hspace="14" vspace="0" alt="Segments of a wind turbine support cylindrical shell"></a></td> <td width="208"><a href="pages/page_134.html"><img src="thumbnails/s134.jpg" width="158" height="180" border="0" hspace="14" vspace="0" alt="Wind turbine cylindrical support tower with a wavy wall and axially varying thickness"></a></td> <td width="208"><a href="pages/page_135.html"><img src="thumbnails/s135.jpg" width="180" height="146" border="0" hspace="14" vspace="0" alt="Local buckling at the base of a wind turbine support tower caused by local maximum axial compression from overall beam-type bending of the tower"></a></td> </tr> <tr><td height="5"></td></tr> <tr align="center" valign="top"> <td width="208"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="0"><tr><td align="center"><small class="title">Buckling of slender silos under wind</small></td></tr></table></td> <td width="208"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="0"><tr><td align="center"><small class="title">Buckled wind turbine support tower</small></td></tr></table></td> <td width="208"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="0"><tr><td align="center"><small class="title">Segments of a wind turbine support cylindrical shell</small></td></tr></table></td> <td width="208"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="0"><tr><td align="center"><small class="title">Wind turbine cylindrical support tower with a wavy wall and axially varying thickness</small></td></tr></table></td> <td width="208"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="0"><tr><td align="center"><small class="title">Local buckling at the base of a wind turbine support tower caused by local maximum axial compression from overall beam-type bending of the tower</small></td></tr></table></td> </tr> <tr><td height="14"></td></tr> </table>

unstiffened cylindrical shells

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Sunday, December 27, 2020