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 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
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Tank with "elephant's foot" and "elephant knee" buckles from Haiti 7.0 earthquake in 2010. |
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Buckling near the top of a large tank caused by rapid cooling of the contents combined with a blocked vent |
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Buckling near the middle of a large tank caused by rapid cooling of the contents combined with a blocked vent |
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Buckling of cylindrical tank from vacuum resulting from a blocked vent |
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Destroyed steel tank after a fire (Puerto Rico, 2009) |
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 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
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Type of circumferential temperature distribution from fire on a tank |
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Buckling of open steel tanks from an elaborate finite element model |
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Buckling of open tanks from various fire-caused circumferential temperature distributions |
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Eight types of imperfections in large storage tanks assembled in the field |
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Buckled silo with grain pouring out |
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 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
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Buckling of slender silos under wind |
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Buckled wind turbine support tower |
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Segments of a wind turbine support cylindrical shell |
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Wind turbine cylindrical support tower with a wavy wall and axially varying thickness |
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Local buckling at the base of a wind turbine support tower caused by local maximum axial compression from overall beam-type bending of the tower |
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