<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0"> <tr><td height="14"></td></tr> <tr align="center" valign="middle"> <td width="208"><a href="pages/page_166.html"><img src="thumbnails/s166.jpg" width="180" height="135" border="0" hspace="14" vspace="0" alt="The measured imperfection profile for one of the two large tanks"></a></td> <td width="208"><a href="pages/page_167.html"><img src="thumbnails/s167.jpg" width="180" height="120" border="0" hspace="14" vspace="0" alt="The two tanks after buckling under external pressure"></a></td> <td width="208"><a href="pages/page_168.html"><img src="thumbnails/s168.jpg" width="180" height="135" border="0" hspace="14" vspace="0" alt="Buckling of a cylindrical shell conveying incompressible fluid"></a></td> <td width="208"><a href="pages/page_169.html"><img src="thumbnails/s169.jpg" width="180" height="122" border="0" hspace="14" vspace="0" alt="Buckling of bicycle frame"></a></td> <td width="208"><a href="pages/page_170.html"><img src="thumbnails/s170.jpg" width="131" height="180" border="0" hspace="14" vspace="0" alt="Buckling modes of a long elastic cylindrical shell"></a></td> </tr> <tr><td height="5"></td></tr> <tr align="center" valign="top"> <td width="208"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="0"><tr><td align="center"><small class="title">The measured imperfection profile for one of the two large tanks</small></td></tr></table></td> <td width="208"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="0"><tr><td align="center"><small class="title">The two tanks after buckling under external pressure</small></td></tr></table></td> <td width="208"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="0"><tr><td align="center"><small class="title">Buckling of a cylindrical shell conveying incompressible fluid</small></td></tr></table></td> <td width="208"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="0"><tr><td align="center"><small class="title">Buckling of bicycle frame</small></td></tr></table></td> <td width="208"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="0"><tr><td align="center"><small class="title">Buckling modes of a long elastic cylindrical shell</small></td></tr></table></td> </tr> <tr><td height="14"></td></tr> <tr><td height="14"></td></tr> <tr align="center" valign="middle"> <td width="208"><a href="pages/page_171.html"><img src="thumbnails/s171.jpg" width="180" height="78" border="0" hspace="14" vspace="0" alt="Torisonal buckling of a composite drive shaft"></a></td> <td width="208"><a href="pages/page_172.html"><img src="thumbnails/s172.jpg" width="179" height="136" border="0" hspace="14" vspace="0" alt="Laying of an oil pipeline off the stern of a ship"></a></td> <td width="208"><a href="pages/page_173.html"><img src="thumbnails/s173.jpg" width="180" height="71" border="0" hspace="14" vspace="0" alt="Buried pipeline that buckled during an earthquake"></a></td> <td width="208"><a href="pages/page_174.html"><img src="thumbnails/s174.jpg" width="180" height="71" border="0" hspace="14" vspace="0" alt="Buckling of sub-sea pipeline"></a></td> <td width="208"><a href="pages/page_175.html"><img src="thumbnails/s175.jpg" width="180" height="130" border="0" hspace="14" vspace="0" alt="Pipeline buried in a trench in the sea bed"></a></td> </tr> <tr><td height="5"></td></tr> <tr align="center" valign="top"> <td width="208"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="0"><tr><td align="center"><small class="title">Torisonal buckling of a composite drive shaft</small></td></tr></table></td> <td width="208"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="0"><tr><td align="center"><small class="title">Laying of an oil pipeline off the stern of a ship</small></td></tr></table></td> <td width="208"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="0"><tr><td align="center"><small class="title">Buried pipeline that buckled during an earthquake</small></td></tr></table></td> <td width="208"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="0"><tr><td align="center"><small class="title">Buckling of sub-sea pipeline</small></td></tr></table></td> <td width="208"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="0"><tr><td align="center"><small class="title">Pipeline buried in a trench in the sea bed</small></td></tr></table></td> </tr> <tr><td height="14"></td></tr> <tr><td height="14"></td></tr> <tr align="center" valign="middle"> <td width="208"><a href="pages/page_176.html"><img src="thumbnails/s176.jpg" width="180" height="129" border="0" hspace="14" vspace="0" alt="Effect on a shallowly buried pipeline of local impact on the soil surface"></a></td> <td width="208"><a href="pages/page_177.html"><img src="thumbnails/s177.jpg" width="179" height="134" border="0" hspace="14" vspace="0" alt="Upheaval buckling of an undersea pipeline"></a></td> <td width="208"><a href="pages/page_178.html"><img src="thumbnails/s178.jpg" width="180" height="94" border="0" hspace="14" vspace="0" alt="Upheaval buckling of an undersea pipeline: an explanation"></a></td> <td width="208"><a href="pages/page_179.html"><img src="thumbnails/s179.jpg" width="180" height="121" border="0" hspace="14" vspace="0" alt="The cross section of a long cylindrical shell ovalizes under uniform bending, as first described by Axelrad (see citations below)"></a></td> <td width="208"><a href="pages/page_180.html"><img src="thumbnails/s180.jpg" width="180" height="110" border="0" hspace="14" vspace="0" alt="Cross-section flattening and local "kinking" (buckling) of long pipe in bending"></a></td> </tr> <tr><td height="5"></td></tr> <tr align="center" valign="top"> <td width="208"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="0"><tr><td align="center"><small class="title">Effect on a shallowly buried pipeline of local impact on the soil surface</small></td></tr></table></td> <td width="208"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="0"><tr><td align="center"><small class="title">Upheaval buckling of an undersea pipeline</small></td></tr></table></td> <td width="208"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="0"><tr><td align="center"><small class="title">Upheaval buckling of an undersea pipeline: an explanation</small></td></tr></table></td> <td width="208"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="0"><tr><td align="center"><small class="title">The cross section of a long cylindrical shell ovalizes under uniform bending, as first described by Axelrad (see citations below)</small></td></tr></table></td> <td width="208"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="0"><tr><td align="center"><small class="title">Cross-section flattening and local "kinking" (buckling) of long pipe in bending</small></td></tr></table></td> </tr> <tr><td height="14"></td></tr> </table>

unstiffened cylindrical shells

Click on a photo to see more information and (in most cases) to see a larger image.

Generated by Galerie
Sunday, December 27, 2020